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- Reflux Esophagitis
The reflux of acid from the stomach up into the esophagus irritates the lining and causes us to experience heartburn, chest pain or other symptoms. Prolonged exposure to acid can lead to ulcerations of the mucosa.
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- Barrett's Esophagus
Chronic irritation of the esophageal lining may cause a tranformation of the cells from squamous (like pancakes) to columnar (stacked like bricks). This condition has a higher risk of developing esophageal cancer.
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- Schatzki's Ring
The combination of a hiatal hernia and a ring of mucosa may cause the feeling of intermittent obstruction to food after swallowing. Because meat is often the cause of an obstruction, it is often referred to by the term "steakhouse syndrome."
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- Peptic Esophageal Stricture
Persistent irritation of the esophagus by acid causes scarring and narrowing of the esophageal lumen. This interferes with normal swallowing. Treatment requires dilation of the esophagus and supression of acid secretion. In selected patients, antireflux surgery is preferred.
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- Pill Induced Esophageal Stricture
Some pills can cause serious damage to the esophagus. This is the classic appearance of a pill induced esophageal stricture, causing painful swallowing and resulting weight loss. They tend to be difficult to heal, and often require repeated dilation and medication.
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